By John Clark
ISBN-10: 7560018998
ISBN-13: 9787560018997
This totally revised 3rd variation integrates up to date references, new findings, and glossy theories, to provide readers with the main thorough and whole creation to phonetics and phonology. exceedingly thorough, together with particular cognizance to articulatory and acoustic phonetics in addition to to the principles of phonological research encompasses a variety of invaluable adjustments, incorporating new fabric at the newest findings in speech construction reviews; better assurance of prosody, together with an enormous part on autosegmental metrical types; increased insurance of phonology, together with Optimality conception; and sections on L1 and L2 acquisition, and sociolectal edition Integrates new findings, theories references all through, providing scholars the main thorough and whole wisdom of the topic to this point contains one hundred twenty five figures all through
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Additional info for An Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology
Sample text
3: Templatic lexical specification language others. Note that a lexicon is itself simply a sequence of lexical entries where the category of an expression is described and of template definitions which associate template names with descriptions. For this kind of definition to get off the ground, the templates cannot be recursive in such a way that expanding a template T involves expanding Tf and vice-versa (in other words, the induced hierarchy must be a partial ordering). We can now use a highly simplified case of default unification to provide a definition of the feature structures that are associated with any given lexical entry.
1989 and Carpenter, 1990). The default feature structure in the first example above is not closed in this sense and would thus never arise. 4 Templatic Inheritance In this section we discuss a notion of templates which can be thought of as abbreviatory conventions for lexical entries. , 1983). We begin by defining a specification language for templates and lexical entries. After this, we show how feature structures are associated with basic expressions according to such a specification. 3. The * in the definitions is taken to be of the Kleene variety and denotes arbitrarily many occurrences of the pattern it is attached to, while I is taken to indicate disjunction and parentheses are used for grouping.
Such a definition would be applicable in any partial order where least upper bounds are defined for pairs of bounded elements. While it is not immediately obvious how to define nested applications, if we were to treat the set of results returned by credulous default unification as disjunctions in the standard way (that is, by taking the unification of a set of feature structures to distribute over the members of the set), then we could see that the operation is not associative. That is, we could find F, G and H such that F Uc (G Uc H) ^ (F Uc G) Uc H.
An Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology by John Clark
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