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Additional info for Environmental noise barriers: a guide to their acoustic and visual design

Sample text

7. English, C. and Swift, C. (1993) Assessing Noise of Wide Motorways, Proceedings of the Institute of Acoustics 15(4), pp. 807–14. 8. Department of Environment, Transport and the Regions (1998) A New Deal for Trunk Roads in England, HMSO, London. 9. eu/EEAGlossary/N/noise_barrier. 10. English, C. and Kotzen, B. (1994) Integrating European Scale Barriers into the English Landscape, Proceedings of a joint IHT/ENBA seminar: Environmental Noise Barriers – A New Perspective, 10 November 1994, Maidenhead, England.

31 Where a scheme is proposed in an already downgraded location, opportunities should be taken to improve the environment. The environmental assessment process requires that the significance of the effects of the scheme be identified. To do this, significance criteria are developed to reflect the local landscape conditions and take into account the scale of effects. Throughout the design process these criteria are used to evaluate and inform the design. The factor of time is an important difference between landscape and most other environmental interventions: most large-scale mitigation will use immature plants, which will only meet the design objectives once they have reached a reasonable state of maturity.

Defining the need for barriers A difference between the two disciplines can be seen in their vocabularies. On many major schemes the landscape architect has been asked to assess the landscape mitigation as being ‘essential’ or ‘desirable’. Such terms, however, have been used rarely by acousticians, which reveals the fact that their role has often been seen as simply the calculator of noise effects and benefits of mitigation measures, but not as a participant in the decision-making process. However, there is an increasing trend to openly define the environmental design objectives of a scheme and, therefore, all of the mitigation measures necessary to meet these objectives can rightly be described as essential.

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